When this type of antistatic agent is added to water, the hydrophilic group in the antistatic agent molecule is inserted into the water, while the lipophilic group stretches into the air.
1. The mechanism of action of externally coated antistatic agents
When this kind of antistatic is added to water, the hydrophilic group in the antistatic agent molecule is inserted into the water, and the lipophilic group stretches into the air. When the polymer material is impregnated with this solution, the lipophilic groups in the antistatic agent molecules will be adsorbed on the surface of the material. After impregnation, it is dried and the surface of the polymer material after removing the moisture is antistatic.
The hydrophilic groups in the agent molecules are arranged toward the air side, which can easily absorb environmental moisture, or combine with moisture in the air through hydrogen bonds to form a single-molecule conductive layer, allowing the generated electrostatic charge to leak quickly to achieve antistatic purposes. .
2. The mechanism of action of surfactant internally mixed antistatic agents
During the molding process of polymer materials, if it contains a sufficient concentration of antistatic agent, when the mixture is in a molten state, the antistatic agent molecules will form the densest orientation at the interface between resin and air or resin and metal (machinery or mold) Arrangement, in which the lipophilic group extends to the inside of the resin and the hydrophilic group extends to the resin
external. After the resin is cured, the hydrophilic groups on the antistatic agent molecules are aligned toward the air side, forming a single-molecule conductive layer. During processing and use, stretching, rubbing and washing will cause the loss of the antistatic agent molecular layer on the surface of the material, and the antistatic performance will also decrease. It is different from the externally applied antistatic agent. After a period of time, the antistatic agent molecules inside the material will continue to migrate to the surface, allowing the defective parts to recover and show the antistatic effect again. Since the above two types of antistatic agents achieve antistatic purposes by absorbing environmental moisture and reducing the surface resistivity of materials, they are highly dependent on environmental humidity. Obviously, the higher the ambient humidity, the stronger the water absorption of the antistatic agent molecules, and the more significant the antistatic performance is.
3. The mechanism of action of polymer permanent antistatic agent
Molecular permanent antistatic agents are a new type of antistatic agents and hydrophilic polymers that have been researched and developed in recent years. When it is blended with a polymer matrix, on the one hand, due to the strong mobility of its molecular chains, protons can move easily between molecules and conduct and release the generated electrostatic charge through ion conduction; on the other hand, the antistatic ability is achieved through its Reflected in a special dispersed form. Research shows that the molecular permanent antistatic agent is mainly distributed in fine layers or tendons on the surface of the product to form a conductive surface layer, and is almost spherically distributed in the center, forming a so-called "core-shell structure". Leak static charge into the path. Because the molecular permanent antistatic agent achieves the antistatic effect by reducing the volume resistivity of the material and does not completely rely on surface water absorption, it is relatively less affected by the humidity of the environment.
